¡°´ó°ì·Òëרҵ¡±¸Ãɲ³µÁË
²Ì»ù¸Õ
¡õÎÒÃÇÐèÒªÅàÑø·ÒëÈ˲ţ¬ÎÒÃÇÐèÒªÓïÑÔ·þÎñ£¬µ«ÊDz»Äܹý·ÖÒÀ¿¿·ÒëºÍÓïÑÔ·þÎñ
¡õʲôʱºòÎÒÃǵĿƼ¼ÎÄÏ×·ÒëÈËÔ±ÕÒ²»µ½¹¤×÷ÁË£¬ÊÀ½çÎę̀»îÔ¾µÄÊÇÓɿƼ¼¡¢¹¤³Ì¡¢¾üʺͷ¨ÂÉרҵµÄ±ÏÒµÉú¶ø²»ÊÇ·ÒëºÍÓ¢Óïרҵ±ÏÒµÉú£¬¾ÍÊÇÎÒÃǿƼ¼¾¼ÃÍâ½»ÕæÕýáÈÆðµÄʱºòÁË
¡õʲôʱºòÍ£Ö¹´ó¹æÄ£·ÒëÕÐÉú¡¢Í£Ö¹ÓïÑÔ·þÎñÁË£¬¾ÍÊÇÎÒ¹úÓ¢Óï½ÌÓý×ßÉÏÕæÕý½¡¿µ·¢Õ¹µÀ·µÄʱºòÁË
------------------------------------------------------
9ÔÂ15ÈÕ¡°ÖйúÓïÑÔ·þÎñ40ÈËÂÛ̳¡±ÔÚ±±¾©´óѧ¡ÖؾÙÐС£È«¹úÍâÓï½çºÍ²úÒµ½çÈËÊ¿Ò»ÆðΪ¡°Ò»´øһ·¡±±³¾°ÏµÄMTI(·Òëרҵ˶ʿ)ºÍÓïÑÔ·þÎñÏ×¼ÆÏײߡ£ÂÛ̳Éϲ»½öÌÖÂÛÁË·ÒëÅàÑøºÍÓïÑÔ·þÎñ±ê×¼£¬¸üÊÇ°ä²¼ÁËÖйú·Òë˶ʿ½ÌÓý´óѧÅÅÐаñ£¬Ðû²¼È«¹úÓÐ10Ëù¸ßУµÄ·Òëרҵ˶ʿµã½øÈëÁËÊÀ½çÒ»Á÷µÄѧ¿Æ¡£
ÂÛ̳´µÏìÁË·ÒëÈ˲ÅÅàÑøºÍÓïÑÔ·þÎñ½¨ÉèµÄ½ø¾üºÅ£¬¼¤ÆðÁËÈ«¹ú´ó°ì·ÒëרҵµÄ¸ß³±¡£Ò»Ëù¸ßУµÄÀÏʦ¸æËß±ÊÕߣ¬ËûÃÇѧУÐÂѧÄêÒ»¿ÚÆøÐÂÕÐÁË4¸ö·Òëרҵ°à¡£ÏÔÈ»£¬ÅàÑø´óÁ¿·ÒëÈ˲ÅÒѳÉΪÎÒ¹úÓ¢Óï½ÌѧµÄÒ»¸öеÄÍ»ÆÆ·½Ïò¡£
ʲôÊÇÓïÑÔ·þÎñ£¿¼òµ¥µØ˵¾ÍÊÇΪÐÐÒµÌṩÍâÓï·Ò룬±ÈÈ磬Ϊ¡°Ò»´øһ·¡±½¨ÉèºÍΪÖйúÎÄ»¯ºÍѧÊõ×ß³öÈ¥ËùÐèÒªµÄ¸÷ÖÖÍâÓïÌṩ·Òë·þÎñ¡£Èç¹ûÕâ¸ö½âÊÍÊǶԵĻ°£¬±ÊÕßÈÏΪ£º°´ÕÕÄ¿Ç°´ó°ì·ÒëרҵµÄÇ÷ÊÆÀ´Ëµ£¬ÎÒÃǵÄÑ۹⻹ÊÇÍ£ÁôÔÚÉϸöÊÀ¼Í»ò±¾ÊÀ¼Í³õµÄ˼ά¿ò¼ÜÀÕâÖÖ·¢Õ¹Ì¬ÊƲ¢²»ºÃ¡£
ÒÔÅàÑø·ÒëÈ˲ÅΪµ¼ÏòµÄÍâÓï½Ìѧʵ¼ùûÓлñµÃÔ¤Æڵijɹ¦
ÅàÑø·Òë¸É²¿»ò·ÒëÈ˲ÅÊÇÉϸöÊÀ¼Í50Äê´úÍâÓï½çÌá³öµÄ¿ÚºÅ¡£µ±Ê±µÄÖйúÒ»Çî¶þ°×£¬ÎªÁËÒý½øÎ÷·½ÏȽø¿Æѧ¼¼Êõ£¬Ìá³öÒªÅàÑø´óÁ¿·Òë¸É²¿»ò·ÒëÈ˲ŵÄÍâÓï½ÌÓýÕþ²ß¡£
°ë¸ö¶àÊÀ¼ÍÒÔÀ´£¬´ÓÓÐЧÂú×ã¹ú¼ÒºÍÉç»á¾¼Ã½¨ÉèÕâ¸ö½Ç¶ÈÀ´¿´£¬ÒÔÅàÑø·ÒëÈ˲ÅΪµ¼ÏòµÄÍâÓï½Ìѧʵ¼ùÏÔȻûÓлñµÃÔ¤Æڵijɹ¦¡£
µÚÒ»£¬ËùÅàÑøµÄ¾ø´ó¶àÊý·Òë¸É²¿ÊÇÓ¢Óïרҵ+·Ò룬ÓÃͬÐеĻ°ÊÇ¡°Ö»ÓÐƤƤ(·Òë¼¼ÄÜ)ûÓÐÄÚºË(רҵ֪ʶ)¡±¡£ËûÃÇ»òÐíÄܹ»Ê¤ÈÎÎÄѧ×÷Æ·µÄ·ÒëºÍÕþÖÎÎÄ»¯·½ÃæµÄ¿ÚÒëµÈ£¬µ«ÊÇÒòΪûÓÐ×ÔÈ»¿Æѧ¸÷¸öÁìÓòµÄרҵ֪ʶ±³¾°£¬ËûÃǺÜÄÑʤÈοƼ¼·Òë¡£Ôںܳ¤Ê±¼äÀÖйúÍâ½»¶ÓÎéÖ÷ÒªÊÇÓ¢Óïרҵ±ÏÒµÉú×é³ÉµÄ£¬ÕâЩȱÉÙרҵ֪ʶ±³¾°µÄ¡°·Òë¼´Íâ½»¼Ò»ò½Ì¿ÆÎÄ×éÖ¯¹ÙÔ±¡±µÄÓÃÈËģʽ£¬µ¼ÖÂÖйúÔÚÊÀ½çÍâ½»¡¢ÕþÖΡ¢·¨ÂɵÈÁìÓòµÄרҵÈ˲ÅÑÏÖضÌȱ¡£¶øÔڿƼ¼µÈÁìÓò£¬ÒòΪ·Òëµ¼Öºܶ๤×÷ÏÝÈë±»¶¯µÄ°¸Àý¸üÊÇÊý²»Ê¤Êý¡£ÂÛ̳Ö÷Ö¼·¢ÑÔÈË´ÞÆôÁÁÔÚ±¨¸æÈ«¹úMTI½ÌÓýÏÖ×´µÄµ÷²éÖÐ˵£º¡°MTIÅàÑøÄ¿±ê±È½ÏÏÁÕ£¬ÎÞ·¨ÊÊÓ¦¹ú¼ÒºÍÉç»á·¢Õ¹¶ÔÓïÑÔÈ˲ŵÄÐèÇ󡱡°ÓÃÈ˵¥Î»¶ÔMTI±ÏÒµÉúµÄרҵ֪ʶºÍʵ¼ÊÄÜÁ¦ÆÀ¼Û²»¸ß¡±¡£
µÚ¶þ£¬ÉϸöÊÀ¼ÍµÄÖйúÖ÷ÒªÊÇÒý½øÎ÷·½¿Æ¼¼ÖªÊ¶£¬Òò´ËÓ¢Ò뺺ÔÚ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±°ïÖúÏ»¹¿ÉÒÔÃãÇ¿¶Ô¸¶£¬µ«ÏÖÔÚÒѵ½ÖйúÎÄ»¯¡¢¿Æ¼¼¡¢¾¼ÃºÍѧÊõÈ«·½Î»×ß³öÈ¥µÄÄê´ú£¬¿¿Ã»ÓÐרҵ֪ʶµÄ·Òë½øÐкºÒëÓ¢Ô½À´Ô½À§ÄÑÁË¡£¶ø»úÆ÷·ÒëºÍÈ˹¤ÖÇÄÜËä¿ÉÒÔ½â¾öÊõÓïºÍ¾ä×Ó£¬È´ÄÑÒÔ·Òë³öÄܹ»±»¹ú¼ÊµÄרҵ¹²Í¬Ìå(discourse community)Ëù½ÓÊܵÄÎı¾£¬ÒòΪ¸÷¸öÁìÓò£¬Èçҽѧ¡¢µç×Ó¡¢Å©ÁÖ¡¢·¨ÂɵȵĿÆÑÐÎÄÕÂÓÐ×Ô¼º¶ÀÌصÄÐ޴ǽṹºÍÔª»°ÓïÊֶΣ¬Ò»¸öÒëÕß²»È¥ÉîÈëѧϰºÍÑо¿ÕâЩÁìÓòÀïµÄ±í´ï£¬·Òë³öÀ´µÄ¶«Î÷ºÜÄÑÓÐÓá£ÕâÒ²ÊÇΪʲô·Ò빫˾²¢²»ÄÜÓÐЧ°ïÖú¿Æ¼¼ÈËÔ±ÔÚ¹ú¼ÊÉÏ·¢±íÎÄÕµÄÖ÷ÒªÔÒò¡£
µÚÈý£¬ÔÚ֪ʶ±¬Õ¨µÄÄê´ú£¬¸÷¸öѧ¿Æ¼¸ºõÿÌ춼ÔÚ´óÁ¿µÄ²úÉúרҵÎÄÏ׺ÍÆÚ¿¯ÂÛÎÄ¡£ÈçSCI(×ÔȻѧ¿ÆË÷ÒýÆÚ¿¯)ÓÐ5000¶àÖÖ£¬Ã¿¸öѧ¿Æ¾ÍÓм¸Ê®±¾·¢±íÕâ¸öѧ¿Æ×¼âÑо¿³É¹ûµÄÆÚ¿¯£¬¶øÒ»±¾ÆÚ¿¯ÎÞÂÛÊÇË«Ô¿¯»¹ÊǼ¾¿¯£¬Ã¿Äê»á²úÉú¶àÉÙ×îÇ°Ñصijɹû£¿µÈµ½·Òë³öÀ´£¬ È˼ÒÓÖÇ°½øÒ»´ó²½ÁË¡£ÓÉÓÚ·ÒëÕ߶¼ÊÇÕâЩ¡°Ö»ÓÐƤƤûÓÐÄںˡ±µÄÍâÐУ¬Ôì³É´óÁ¿ÎóÒ룬»òÕßÒò²»¶®¶øÌø¹ý²»Àí½âµÄÄÚÈÝ(¿ÉÁ¯µÄÊÇÎÒÃǵĿƼ¼ÈËÔ±»¹ÃÉÔÚ¹ÄÀï)ÊDZØÈ»µÄ£¬¶øÇÒ²»¹ÜÈçºÎ·Ò룬·Òëºó³ö°æµÄ×ÜÊǺÜСһ²¿·Ö£¬¿Æ¼¼ÈËÔ±Ö»Äܱ»¶¯µØ½ÓÊÜ·Òë×÷Æ·¡£ÓÉÓÚ¶Á²»µ½Í¬Ò»¿ÎÌâÉϵÄÆäËûûÓзÒëµÄÎÄÏ×£¬ËûÃǾÍÎÞ·¨×öµ½È«ÃæÆÀ¼Û¡¢ÓÐЧ¼ø±ð£¬Ò²¾Í²»¿ÉÄÜÓÐÉîÈëÑо¿ºÍ´´Ð·¢Õ¹¡£Êµ¼ù±íÃ÷£¬ÒÀ¿¿ÍâÓï·ÒëºÍÓïÑÔ·þÎñÖ»ÄÜÊÇÍÏÎÒ¹ú¾¼Ã¿Æ¼¼·¢Õ¹µÄºóÍÈ¡£
ÕýÒòÈç´Ë£¬Ê®Ä궯ÂÒ¸Õ½áÊøʱ£¬¹ú¼ÒÌá³ö½¨ÉèËĸöÏÖ´ú»¯µÄÄ¿±ê£¬ÎÒ¹úÍâÓï½çÀÏÇ°±²¡¢ÔÖйúÓ¢Óï½ÌѧÑо¿»á»á³¤Ðí¹úè°ÏÈÉúÔÚ1978Äê¾ÍÁ¬Ðø·¢ÎÄ£¬´óÉù¼²ºôÒª¸Ä±äÅàÑø·Òë¸É²¿µÄÕþ²ß£¬Ìá³öÒªÖ±½ÓÅàÑø¶®Ó¢ÓïµÄרҵÈ˲š£
ËûÊÇÕâÑù˵µÄ£º¡°ÎÒÃǵÄÍâÓï½Ìѧ·½ÕëÓÐʧËãÖ®´¦¡£Ö»×ÅÖØ·Òë¸É²¿µÄÅàÑø£¬ ¶øºöÂÔ¸÷Ðи÷ÒµÌرðÊǸ÷¿Æ¼¼×¨ÒµµÄÍâÓïÁ¦Á¿µÄÅàÑø¡£Ö»×¢Òâµ½ÒÔÍâÓï×÷ΪÐû´«ÐÂÖйúµÄ¹¤¾ß£¬ ºöÂÔÁËÒÔÍâÓïΪ¹¤¾ß¼³È¡ÏÖ´ú¿ÆѧÎÄ»¯ÖªÊ¶£¬ ΪÎÒËùÓᣡ±¡°¹ýÈ¥°ÑÍâÓï½ÌѧµÄÄ¿±ê¶¨ÎªÅàÑø·Òë¸É²¿ÓëÍâÓïʦ×Ê£¬ ½ñÌìÕâÑùÌá¾Í²»¹»ÁË¡£²»£¬ ˵µÃÑÏÖØЩ£¬ ½ñÌìÕâÑùÌᣬ ¾Í²»ÄÜÊÊӦеÄÀúʷʱÆÚµÄÐèÒªÁË¡£¡±ÐÂʱÆڵĹú¼Ò¾¼Ã½¨ÉèÐèÇó¡°´øÀ´¸ù±¾ÐԵı仯¡£Õâ¾ÍÊÇ´Ó¹ýÈ¥ÒÔÅàÑø·Òë¸É²¿ÎªÖ÷µÄ½ÌѧĿ±ê£¬×ª±ä³ÉΪÅàÑøÄܹ»ÓÃÍâÓïÖ±½Ó¼³È¡ÎÒÃÇËùÐèÒªµÄ¿ÆѧÎÄ»¯ÖªÊ¶µÄÈ˲ġ£ÕâÊÇÒâÒåÖØ´óµÄת±ä¡£ÎҴ󵨵Ø˵һ¾ä£¬ ÓÐÕâһת±ä£¬ ½«±êÖ¾×ÅÎÒ¹ú½ÌÓýÊÂÒµÔÚÏÖ´ú»¯µÄµÀ·ÉÏÂõ½øÒ»´ó²½¡£Ã»ÓÐÕâһת±ä£¬ Í£ÁôÔÚÄ¿Ç°µÄ״̬£¬ ÄÇÖ»ÄÜ˵Ã÷ÎÒ¹ú½ÌÓýÊÂÒµ¾ßÓкÜÂäºóµÄÒ»Ã桱¡£
Çë×¢ÒâÕâÀïÐíÀÏÓÃÁË¡°ºÜÂäºóµÄÒ»Ã桱ÕâÑù¼âÈñµÄ´ÊÓïÀ´ÅúÆÀÅàÑø·ÒëÈ˲ŵÄ˼·¡£40ÄêµÄÍâÓï½Ìѧʵ¼ùÖ¤Ã÷ÁËÎÒ¹úÍâÓï½ÌÓýÕþ²ßÐèÖØж¨Î»¡£Ìᳫ´óÁ¦ÅàÑø·ÒëÈ˲ţ¬ÊÔͼ¿¿ÅàÑøÉÙÊý·ÒëÈ˲ÅÀ´Âú×ã¹ú¼ÒºÍÉç»áµÄÐèÇó£¬Ôì³ÉÁË¡°Çṫ¹²Ó¢ÓïÖØÓ¢Óïרҵ¡±µÄÎÒ¹úÍâÓï½ÌÓýÕþ²ßµÄÆ«ÆÄ¡£
Õâ¸ö¶¨Î»Ëù´«µÝµÄ¸ºÃæÐÅÏ¢ÊÇ£º·ÇÓ¢Óï´óѧÉúÎÞÐè½áºÏרҵѧϰרÃÅÓÃ;ӢÓӢÓï½ÌѧÎÞÐèÅàÑø·ÇÓ¢Óïרҵ´óѧÉúÓÃÓ¢ÓïÖ±½Ó½øÐÐѧϰ¡¢Ñо¿ºÍ¹¤×÷µÄÄÜÁ¦¡£ËûÃÇֻҪѧµãÈÕ³£¿ÚÓï»ò´¿ÕæµÄ·¢ÒôºÍÔúʵµÄÓï·¨¼´¿É£¬»òÕß˵ֻҪͨ¹ý´óѧӢÓïËÄÁù¼¶¿¼ÊÔ¼´¿É¡£ËûÃÇÈÕºóµÄѧϰºÍ¹¤×÷ÉÏÈôÒªÓÃÓ¢Óï¿ÉÒÔ¿¿·Òë¡£
ÕâÖÖÇé¿öÔÚijÖ̶ֳÈÉϵ¼ÖÂÁËÎÒ¹úÕûÕûÒ»´ú¿Æ¼¼ÈËÔ±ºÍ¹¤³ÌÈËÔ±µÄ¹ú¼Ê¾ºÕùÁ¦ºÍ¹ú¼Ê»°ÓïȨµÄɥʧ¡£ÎÒ¹ú¿Æ¼¼ÈËÔ±¼ÈÎÞ·¨ÊìÁ·µØÓÃÓ¢ÓïÀ´¼³È¡Ïà¹Øѧ¿ÆµÄÇ°ÑØÐÅÏ¢£¬Ò²ÎÞ·¨ÓÐЧµØÓÃÓ¢ÓïÔÚ¹ú¼ÊÆÚ¿¯ÉϽ»Á÷ËûÃǵĿÆÑÐ˼ÏëºÍ³É¹û¡£
һλÁÔÍ·¹«Ë¾ÀÏ°åÔÚ½ÓÊÜýÌå²É·Ãʱ£¬ÕâÑùÆÀÂÛ£ºÏÖÔÚÎÒ¹ú¶®ÍâÓïµÄÈ˺ܶ࣬µ«ÄÜÊìÁ·Ê¹ÓÃÍâÓïµÄ¹¤³Ì¼¼ÊõÀàÈ˲ÅÈ´²»¶à¡£»úе¡¢»¯Ñ§¡¢¹¤ÒÕ¡¢Èí¼þµÈרҵµÄ¼¼Êõ¹¤³Ìʦ±¾Éí¾ÍÊ®·Ö½ôȱ£¬¶®ÍâÓïµÄ¾Í¸üÏ¡ÓÐÁË£¬ÏëÕÒµ½·ûºÏÆóÒµÒªÇóµÄÈ˺ÜÄÑ¡£
µ÷ÕûÓ¢Óï½ÌÓý·½Ïò£¬ÅàÑø´óѧÉúÓÃÓ¢Óï´ÓÊÂרҵÑо¿ºÍ¹¤×÷µÄÄÜÁ¦
ÎÊÌâÊÇ£ºÎªÊ²Ã´¹ú¼Ò¾¼Ã¿Æ¼¼·¢Õ¹ËùÐèÒªµÄ¶®Ó¢ÓïµÄרҵÈ˲ŵÄÒªÇóʼÖյò»µ½Âú×㣬¶øÊг¡¹ýÊ£µÄ¡¢½öÓÐÓ¢ÓïÓïÑÔ»ù±¾¹¦ºÍ·ÒëÄÜÁ¦µÄÓ¢Óï±ÏÒµÉúÈ´Ô´Ô´²»¶ÏµØ²úÉú£¿ÎªÊ²Ã´´íÎóµÄÓ¢Óï½ÌÓý¶¨Î»Ê¼Öյò»µ½¾ÀÕý£¿
»¹ÊÇÄÚÐп´µÃÇå³þ¡£Ðí¹úè°ÏÈÉúÔøÁôÏÂÒ»¾ä»°£º¡°ÓÐ×èÁ¦¡£¡±×èÁ¦À´×Ժη½£¿Íâ¹úÓïÑÔÎÄѧÊÇÒ»ÃÅѧ¿Æ£¬·ÒëÊÇÒ»ÃÅѧ¿Æ(ʵ¼ÊÉÏ·ÒëÊÇÒ»ÃÅʵ¼ùÐÔ½Ìѧ£¬µ«ÏÖÔÚÌùÉÏÁËÈÏÖª·Òë¡¢ÐÄÀí·ÒëµÈ±êÇ©¾ÍѧÊõ»¯ÁË)£¬¶ø¹«¹²Ó¢Óï½ÌѧÔò²»ÊÇ¡£
Ó¢Óïרҵ½çÊÓѧ¿ÆΪÉúÃü£¬ÒòΪÕâÊÇ˶ʿ¡¢²©Ê¿µãÀµÒÔÉú´æµÄ»ù´¡£¬ÊǽÌʦְ³Æ½úÉýµÄÍÁÈÀ(ÔÚ²»ÉÙ¸ßУ£¬½ÌѧϵÁÐÀÏʦֻÄÜÉýΪ¸ß¼¶½²Ê¦)¡£ÓжàÉÙÓ¢ÓïרҵÈËÊ¿Äܹ»ÏñÐí¹úè°ÏÈÉúÒ»Ñù´óÎÞηµØÌá³ö°ÑÅàÑø·ÒëÈ˲ÅתÏòÅàÑø·ÇÓ¢ÓïרҵѧÉúµÄÍâÓïÄÜÁ¦£¿ÓжàÉÙÓ¢Óï½Ìʦ¸ÊÔ¸·ÅÆú×Ô¼ºµÄרҵÐËȤ£¬ÉõÖÁ¸Êðʧȥ²©µ¼Ë¶µ¼µÄ·çÏÕͶÉíÓÚÅàÑøÅ©ÁֵؿóÓ͵ÈרҵµÄѧÉúµÄ¹ú¼Ê½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦£¿
ËùÒÔ¾¡¹ÜÕ⼸ÄêÓ¢Óïרҵ´¦ÔÚ¶¯µ´ÖÐÉõÖÁ±ÀÀ£ÖУ¬µ«ÊÇ×ÜÓÐÒ»¹ÉÁ¦Á¿ÔÚ×èÖ¹Æä½âÌå¡£MTI½ÌÓýÕ⼸ÄêÔÚÎÒ¹úѸËÙáÈÆðºÍÀ©Õ¹£¬¾ÍÊÇÊÔͼ°ÚÍÑÓ¢Óï±¾¿Æ±ÏÒµÉú¾ÍÒµÀ§ÄѺÍÓ¢ÓïרҵΣ»ú£¬ÊÇÖ§³ÅÓ¢ÓïרҵÓÖÒ»¸ùǽÖù¡£¶øÆäÖУ¬ÎÒ¹úÐÂÐ˵ķÒë²úÒµ½çÇ¿ÊƽéÈë½Ìѧ£¬ÌṩÁ˳ä×ãµÄË®Äà¸Ö½î(Èç·ÒëÈí¼þºÍ±ÊÒë/ͬ´«ÊµÑéÊÒͶ×Ê)¡£
ÎÒÃÇÐèÒªÅàÑø·ÒëÈ˲ţ¬ÎÒÃÇÐèÒªÓïÑÔ·þÎñ£¬µ«ÊDz»Äܹý·ÖÒÀ¿¿·ÒëºÍÓïÑÔ·þÎñ£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÔÚÓ¢Óï½ÌѧÁìÓòÄÚ¾ø¶Ô²»Äܹý·ÖÇ¿µ÷·ÒëÈ˲ÅÅàÑø£¬²»ÄÜÇ¿µ÷Ó¢ÓïרҵµÄ½¨Éè¶øºöÊÓ¹«¹²Ó¢ÓïµÄ·¢Õ¹¡£
ÔÚ¹ú¼ÒË«Ò»Á÷ºÍ¡°Ò»´øһ·¡±½¨ÉèµÄ´ó±³¾°Ï£¬Ò»¸ö´óѧ¿ÉÒÔ²»ÒªÓ¢Óïרҵ£¬¿ÉÒÔ²»ÅàÑø·ÒëÈ˲ţ¬µ«¾ø¶ÔÉÙ²»Á˹«¹²Ó¢Ó¾ø¶Ô²»ÄܺöÊÓÅàÑø·ÇÓ¢Óïרҵ´óѧÉúÓÃÓ¢ÓïÖ±½Ó´ÓÊÂҽѧ¡¢Èí¼þ¡¢µç×Ó¹¤³Ì¡¢Å©ÁֵؿóµÈרҵµÄѧϰºÍ¹¤×÷ÄÜÁ¦¡£
±ØÐëÒâʶµ½£¬½ñÌì·ÇÓ¢Óïרҵ´óѧÉúµÄÓ¢ÓïˮƽÓë¹ýÈ¥Ïà±È£¬ÒѲ»ÄÜͬÈÕ¶øÓïÁË¡£Ò²ÓÐÔ½À´Ô½¶àµÄ¸ßÖÐÓ¢Óï¼â×Ó¿´µ½Ó¢Óï±ÏÒµÉú¾ÍÒµÀ§ÄѶø±¨¿¼¹¤³Ì¡¢Ò½Ñ§¡¢·¨ÂÉ¡¢¾¼ÃµÈרҵ¡£¾Í´óѧÐÂÉúƽ¾ùÓ¢Óïˮƽ¶øÑÔ£¬·ÇÓ¢ÓïרҵÐÂÉúÒѾ½Ó½ü¡¢ÔÚÖصã¸ßУÀïÉõÖÁÒѳ¬¹ýÓ¢ÓïרҵÐÂÉú¡£Ö»ÒªÎÒÃǵ÷ÕûÓ¢Óï½ÌÓý·½Ïò£¬°ÑÖ÷ÒªµÄ½Ìѧ×ÊÔ´´ÓÓ¢ÓïרҵºÍÅàÑø·ÒëÈ˲Åתµ½¹«¹²Ó¢ÓÖÂÁ¦ÓÚÅàÑø´óѧÉúÓÃÓ¢Óï´ÓÊÂרҵÑо¿ºÍ¹¤×÷µÄÄÜÁ¦£¬ËûÃÇÒ»¶¨ÄÜÔڽ϶Ìʱ¼äÀï³ÉΪ»îÔ¾ÔÚ¸÷×ÔרҵÁìÓò¾ßÓнÏÇ¿¹ú¼Ê¾ºÕùÁ¦µÄ¿Æѧ¼ÒºÍ¼¼Êõ¹¤³Ì¾üÊÂÈËÔ±¡£
ÖйúҪȫ·½Î»µØʵÏÖ×ß³öÈ¥£¬ÒªÕæÕýÍƶ¯¡°Ò»´øһ·¡±µÄ½¨É裬¿¿·ÒëÈ˲š¢¿¿Ó¢ÓᆱӢÊÇÒªÎó´óʵģ¬´øÀ´µÄÖ»ÄÜÊǸü¶àµÄ±»¶¯ºÍÒź¶¡£ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔÕâô˵£ºÊ²Ã´Ê±ºòÎÒÃǵĿƼ¼ÎÄÏ×·ÒëÈËÔ±ÕÒ²»µ½¹¤×÷ÁË£¬ÊÀ½çÎę̀»îÔ¾µÄÊÇÓɿƼ¼¡¢¹¤³Ì¡¢¾üʺͷ¨ÂÉרҵµÄ±ÏÒµÉú¶ø²»ÊÇ·ÒëºÍÓ¢Óïרҵ±ÏÒµÉú£¬¾ÍÊÇÎÒÃǿƼ¼¾¼ÃÍâ½»ÕæÕýáÈÆðµÄʱºòÁË£»Ê²Ã´Ê±ºòÍ£Ö¹´ó¹æÄ£·ÒëÕÐÉú¡¢Í£Ö¹ÓïÑÔ·þÎñÁË£¬¾ÍÊÇÎÒ¹úÓ¢Óï½ÌÓý×ßÉÏÕæÕý½¡¿µ·¢Õ¹µÀ·µÄʱºòÁË¡£
(×÷ÕßΪ¸´µ©´óѧ½ÌÊÚ¡¢È«¹úѧÊõÓ¢Óï½ÌѧÑо¿»á»á³¤)
ÏÂһƪ£ºÇ³Ì¸Ó׶ùÃÀÊõ»î¶¯ÖеÄÓÐЧָµ¼